invalid transaction state
SQLSTATE 25000 is the generic invalid transaction state code. It is raised when a command is executed that is not valid in the current transaction state — for example, issuing a data-modifying statement after an error that requires rollback.
- 1Attempting to execute SQL after a failed statement that has put the transaction in a must-abort state
- 2Transaction state command used in an invalid context
Executing SQL after a statement error without rolling back.
BEGIN; SELECT 1/0; -- ERROR: division by zero — transaction is now aborted SELECT 1; -- ERROR: 25P02 (transaction aborted)
expected output
ERROR: current transaction is aborted, commands ignored until end of transaction block
Fix 1
ROLLBACK the transaction and retry after any statement error
WHEN When a statement error puts the transaction in the aborted state.
ROLLBACK; -- start fresh BEGIN; -- retry
Why this works
After any error in a transaction block, the transaction must be rolled back before new work can begin.
Fix 2
Use SAVEPOINTs to allow partial recovery within a transaction
WHEN When some work must be preserved despite individual statement errors.
BEGIN; SAVEPOINT sp1; -- risky operation -- if it fails: ROLLBACK TO SAVEPOINT sp1; RELEASE SAVEPOINT sp1; COMMIT;
Why this works
SAVEPOINTs allow rolling back to a known good state within the transaction without aborting the entire block.
✕ Continue executing statements after a transaction error
The transaction is in an aborted state; all statements are rejected until ROLLBACK is issued.
Class 25 — Invalid Transaction State
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